Kumpulan Soal Explanation Text SMA dan Pembahasan
Thursday, February 15, 2018
iTapuih.com - Kumpulan Soal Explanation Text SMA dan Pembahasan. Explanation Text adalah salah satu jenis teks teks yang digunakan untuk menerangkan cara (proses) sesuatu terjadi, terutama yang berkaitan dengan fenomena alam, dunia ilmiah atau sosial budaya. Pada postingan kali ini saya akan membagikan tentang Kumpulan Contoh Soal Explanation Text Untuk SMA dan Pembahasan. Kumpulan soal Explanation Text berikut ini saya kumpulkan dari berbagai naskah soal UN Bahasa Inggris SMA. Untuk lebih jelasnya Anda bisa kunjungi link berikut ini Pembahasan Soal UN Bahasa Inggris SMP dan SMA (2009-2017) Semoga kumpulan soal-soal berikut ini dapat membantu kita untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dalam Bahasa Inggris.The following text is for questions 1 to 3.
A natural disaster is a terrible accident, e.g. a great flood , a big fire, or an earthquake. It usually causes great suffering and loss of a large sum of money. The causalities are injured or died. Some people are homeless and need medical care.
Floods occur when the water of rivers, lakes, or stream overflow their banks and pour out into the surrounding land. Floods are caused by many different things. Often heavy rainstorms that last for a brief time can cause a flood. But not all heavy storms are followed by flooding. If the surrounding land is fl at and can absorb the water, no flooding will occur. If, however, the land is hard and rocky, heavy rain cannot be absorbed. Where the banks are low, a river may overflow and flood adjacent lowland.
In many parts of the world floods are caused by tropical storms called hurricanes or typhoons. They bring destructive winds of high speed, torrents of rain, and flooding. When a flood occurs, the destruction to the surrounding land can be severe. Whole villages and towns are sometimes swept away by water pouring swiftly over the land. Railroad tracks and buckles are uprooted from their beds. Highways are washed away.
When a building caught fire, the firemen pitched in to help battle the blaze. Before the pumps were invented, people formed bucket brigades to fight fires. Standing side by side, they formed a human chain from the fire to nearby well or river. They passed buckets of water from hand to hand to be poured on the flames.
The damage of fire did depend a great deal on where it happened. In the country or a small village, only a single house might burn down. But in crowded cities, fire often destroyed whole blocks and neighborhoods before being controlled.
Floods occur when the water of rivers, lakes, or stream overflow their banks and pour out into the surrounding land. Floods are caused by many different things. Often heavy rainstorms that last for a brief time can cause a flood. But not all heavy storms are followed by flooding. If the surrounding land is fl at and can absorb the water, no flooding will occur. If, however, the land is hard and rocky, heavy rain cannot be absorbed. Where the banks are low, a river may overflow and flood adjacent lowland.
In many parts of the world floods are caused by tropical storms called hurricanes or typhoons. They bring destructive winds of high speed, torrents of rain, and flooding. When a flood occurs, the destruction to the surrounding land can be severe. Whole villages and towns are sometimes swept away by water pouring swiftly over the land. Railroad tracks and buckles are uprooted from their beds. Highways are washed away.
When a building caught fire, the firemen pitched in to help battle the blaze. Before the pumps were invented, people formed bucket brigades to fight fires. Standing side by side, they formed a human chain from the fire to nearby well or river. They passed buckets of water from hand to hand to be poured on the flames.
The damage of fire did depend a great deal on where it happened. In the country or a small village, only a single house might burn down. But in crowded cities, fire often destroyed whole blocks and neighborhoods before being controlled.
| 1. What can possibly prevent rivers and lakes from overflowing? |
| 2. We know from the text that .... |
| 3. We know from the text that .... |
Lihat Pembahasan
Pembahasan berikut ini untuk soal nomor 1 sampai 3.
1. Kalimat tanya “What can possibly prevent rivers and lakes from overflowing?’ menanyakan (Apa yang mungkin dapat mencegah sungai dan danau dan meluap?) Pada kalimat “Where the banks are low, a rivermay overflow and flood adjacent lowland" menjelaskan dimana tepi sungai yang rendah, sungai mungkin meluap dan membanjiri tanah rendah di sekitarnya. Dari kalimat di atas yang mungkin dapat mencegah sungai dan danau meluap adalah tepi/pinggir sungai yang tinggi. Jadi, jawaban yang tepat adalah A high bank.
Jawaban: D
2. Pertanyaan “We know from the text that ....“ mempunyai arti (Kita tahu dari teks bahwa . . .) Pada kalimat “When a flood accurs, the destruction to the surrounding land can be severe” menjelaskan ketika banjir yang disebabkan topan terjadi, kehancuran pada tanah sekitar dapat menjadi parah. Jadi, yang dapat diketahui dan teks tersebut adalah topan menyebabkan banjir yang besar Typhoons caused heavy flood.
Jawaban: E
3. Pertanyaan “We know from the text that ..." mempunyai arti (kita tahu dari teks bahwa ...) Pada kalimat “Before the pumps were in vented, people formed bucket brigades to fight fires” menjelaskan sebelum pompa ditemukan, orang membentuk brigade ember untuk memerangi api. Dan teks tersebut menunjukkan bahwa orang tidak Iebih ama menggunakan ember untuk mengontrol api karena habis itu ditemukan pompa. Jadi, jawaban yang sesuai adalah People no longer use buckets to control fire.
Jawaban: D
1. Kalimat tanya “What can possibly prevent rivers and lakes from overflowing?’ menanyakan (Apa yang mungkin dapat mencegah sungai dan danau dan meluap?) Pada kalimat “Where the banks are low, a rivermay overflow and flood adjacent lowland" menjelaskan dimana tepi sungai yang rendah, sungai mungkin meluap dan membanjiri tanah rendah di sekitarnya. Dari kalimat di atas yang mungkin dapat mencegah sungai dan danau meluap adalah tepi/pinggir sungai yang tinggi. Jadi, jawaban yang tepat adalah A high bank.
Jawaban: D
2. Pertanyaan “We know from the text that ....“ mempunyai arti (Kita tahu dari teks bahwa . . .) Pada kalimat “When a flood accurs, the destruction to the surrounding land can be severe” menjelaskan ketika banjir yang disebabkan topan terjadi, kehancuran pada tanah sekitar dapat menjadi parah. Jadi, yang dapat diketahui dan teks tersebut adalah topan menyebabkan banjir yang besar Typhoons caused heavy flood.
Jawaban: E
3. Pertanyaan “We know from the text that ..." mempunyai arti (kita tahu dari teks bahwa ...) Pada kalimat “Before the pumps were in vented, people formed bucket brigades to fight fires” menjelaskan sebelum pompa ditemukan, orang membentuk brigade ember untuk memerangi api. Dan teks tersebut menunjukkan bahwa orang tidak Iebih ama menggunakan ember untuk mengontrol api karena habis itu ditemukan pompa. Jadi, jawaban yang sesuai adalah People no longer use buckets to control fire.
Jawaban: D
The following text is for questions 4 to 7.
Tsunami occurs when major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips. The displaced rock pushes water above it like a giant paddle, producing powerful water waves at the ocean surface. The ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of the earthquake source and move across the ocean until they reach the coastline, where their height increases as they reach the continental shelf, the part of the earth crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor up to the land.
A tsunami washes ashore with oftendisastrous effects such as severe flooding, loss of lives due to drowning and damage to property.
A tsunami is a very large sea wave that is generated by a disturbance along the ocean floor. This disturbance can be an earthquake, a landslide, or a volcanic eruption. A tsunami is undetectable far out in the ocean, but once it reaches shallow water, this fast traveling wave grows very large.
| 4. Tsunami happens because .... |
| 5. What are the impacts of tsunami? |
| 6. We understand from the text that tsunami .... |
| 7. “... producing powerful water waves at the ocean surface.” The synonym of the underlined word is.... |
Lihat Pembahasan
Pembahasan berikut ini untuk soal nomor 4 sampai 7.
4. Apa yang menyebabkan terjadinya tsunami dijelaskan dad kaimat teks: "Tsunami occurs when major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips." (Tsunami terjadi ketika patahan-patahan utama di dasar samudra tiba tiba bergeser/bergerak). Maka, jawaban yang tepat adalah A major fault under the ocean floor slips suddenly.
Jawaban: B
5. Dampak tsunami disebutkan pada paragraf ke-2, yaitu: disastrous effects such as severe flooding, loss of lives due to drowning, and damage to property" Pilihan yang tepat adalah A tsunami washes ashore with often disastrous effects such as flooding and loss of lives.
Jawaban: B
6. Dari bacaan tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa tsunami menimbulkan atau menyebabkan peristiwa yang tidak menguntungkan Makes unfortunate event. Perhatikan pembahasan nornor 48.
Jawaban: C
7. fast (cepat) deep (dalam) quick (cepat) strong (kuat) week (lemah) Jadi, persamaan kata dari powerful (kuat) adalah Strong.
Jawaban: D
4. Apa yang menyebabkan terjadinya tsunami dijelaskan dad kaimat teks: "Tsunami occurs when major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips." (Tsunami terjadi ketika patahan-patahan utama di dasar samudra tiba tiba bergeser/bergerak). Maka, jawaban yang tepat adalah A major fault under the ocean floor slips suddenly.
Jawaban: B
5. Dampak tsunami disebutkan pada paragraf ke-2, yaitu: disastrous effects such as severe flooding, loss of lives due to drowning, and damage to property" Pilihan yang tepat adalah A tsunami washes ashore with often disastrous effects such as flooding and loss of lives.
Jawaban: B
6. Dari bacaan tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa tsunami menimbulkan atau menyebabkan peristiwa yang tidak menguntungkan Makes unfortunate event. Perhatikan pembahasan nornor 48.
Jawaban: C
7. fast (cepat) deep (dalam) quick (cepat) strong (kuat) week (lemah) Jadi, persamaan kata dari powerful (kuat) adalah Strong.
Jawaban: D
The following text is for question 8.
Water pollution has been increasing at a worrying rate. If consumed in a contaminated state, it may prove fatal to both – human beings and the environment. Let us find out how this pollution affects the ecological balance and poses a threat to our lives. First, it is agricultural pollution. Excess fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides used for agricultural procedures often get discharged in water bodies right from streams to lakes and seas. Another way water pollution happens is mining activities. During mining, the rock strata is crushed with the help of heavy equipment on a large scale. These rocks are often composed of sulfides and heavy metals, which when combined with water from sulfuric acid and other harmful pollutants. Next, it happens through the so-called sewage water. The leftover or excess water that is left after carrying out domestic and industrial activities is called sewage water which consists of a lot of chemicals, and is left untreated. People flushing medicines and other chemical substances down the toilet has been a cause of concern for the developed countries today. Also, the burning of fossil is another source.
| 8. The main idea of the text is .... |
Lihat Pembahasan
Pembahasan berikut ini untuk soal nomor 8.
39. Wacana pada intinya menjelaskan bagaimana air bisa tercemari. Perhatikan kalimat berikut: "Let us find out how this pollution affects the ecological balance and poses a threat to our lives. First, it is agricultural pollution. Another way water pollution happens in mining activities." (Marilah kita melihat bagaimana polusi ini mempengaruhi keseimbangan ekologi dan menimbulkan suatu ancaman bagi kehidupan kita. Pertama, pencemaran dan sektor pertanian. Cara lain pencemaran air terjadi dalam aktivitas pertambangan) Maka, jawaban yang tepat adalah There are different ways for water to be polluted.
Jawaban: B
39. Wacana pada intinya menjelaskan bagaimana air bisa tercemari. Perhatikan kalimat berikut: "Let us find out how this pollution affects the ecological balance and poses a threat to our lives. First, it is agricultural pollution. Another way water pollution happens in mining activities." (Marilah kita melihat bagaimana polusi ini mempengaruhi keseimbangan ekologi dan menimbulkan suatu ancaman bagi kehidupan kita. Pertama, pencemaran dan sektor pertanian. Cara lain pencemaran air terjadi dalam aktivitas pertambangan) Maka, jawaban yang tepat adalah There are different ways for water to be polluted.
Jawaban: B
The following text is for questions 9 to 12.
All human beings eat food and make use of the chemical energy in it, so do all other animals. Perhaps you wonder where all that chemical energy comes from. Why doesn’t the food all get used up?
The answer is that new food is being grown as fast as old food is used to. It is the green plants that form the new food. Animals either eat the plants or eat other animals that have eaten plants.
The green substance of plants is chlorophyll. Chlorophyll can absorb sunlight. When it does so, it changes the energy of the sun into chemical energy. The chemical energy present in sunlit chlorophyll is used to combine dioxide in the air with water from the soil. Starch and other complicated compounds are formed. These are high in chemical energy obtained from the sunlit chlorophyll.
They make up the food on which mankind and all other animals live. In the process of forming this food, some oxygen atoms are left over. These are given off into the air by the plants. The whole process is called photosynthesis.
Thus, plants use sunlight to from food and oxygen to from carbon dioxide and water again. Plants change the sun’s energy into chemical energy. And animals change the animal energy into kinetic and heat energy.
The answer is that new food is being grown as fast as old food is used to. It is the green plants that form the new food. Animals either eat the plants or eat other animals that have eaten plants.
The green substance of plants is chlorophyll. Chlorophyll can absorb sunlight. When it does so, it changes the energy of the sun into chemical energy. The chemical energy present in sunlit chlorophyll is used to combine dioxide in the air with water from the soil. Starch and other complicated compounds are formed. These are high in chemical energy obtained from the sunlit chlorophyll.
They make up the food on which mankind and all other animals live. In the process of forming this food, some oxygen atoms are left over. These are given off into the air by the plants. The whole process is called photosynthesis.
Thus, plants use sunlight to from food and oxygen to from carbon dioxide and water again. Plants change the sun’s energy into chemical energy. And animals change the animal energy into kinetic and heat energy.
| 9. The text is about .... |
| 10. What will happen when the chlorophyll absorbs sunlight? It will .... |
| 11. From the text we know that .... |
| 12. The green substance of plants is chlorophyll. The underlined word in the above is closest in meaning to ... |
Lihat Pembahasan
Pembahasan berikut ini untuk soal nomor 9 sampai 12.
9. Keseluruhan isi wacana membahas mengenai proses merubah energi kimia pada manusia dan hewan. Perhatikan bagian awal dan akhir wacana, "All human beings eat food and make use of the chemical energy in it, no do all other animals." (Seluruh manusia memakan makanan dan memanfaatkan energi kimia di dalamnya, demikian juga seluruh hewan.) dan "Plants change the sun's energy into chemical energy. And animals change chemical energy into kinetic and heat energy" (Tumbuh turnbuhan merubah energi matahari menjadi energi kimia. Dan hewan merubah energi kimia menjadi energi kinetik dan panes.) Dapat disimpulkan teks tersebut tentang The process of changing chemical energy.
Jawaban: A
10. Keterangan mengenai apa yang akan terjadi jika klorofil menyerap sinar matahari bisa dilihat pada Imlimat berikut "Chlorophyll can absorb sunlight When it does so, it changes the energy of the sun into chemical energy." (Klorofil bisa menyerap sinar matahari. Ketika melakukan hal ini, klorofil merubah energi matahari menjadi energi kimia.) Jadi, pilihan yang tepat adalah Change the sun’s energy into chemical energy.
Jawaban: E
11. Informasi yang bisa diperoleh dari wacana adalah gagasan bahwa seluruh manusia dan hewan membutuhkan energi. Perhatikan kalimat berikut "All human beings eat food and make use of the chemical energy in it, so do all other animals." (Seluruh manusia memakan makanan dan memanfaatkan energi kimia di dalamnya, demikian juga seluruh hewan.) Jadi, pilihan yang tepat adalah All human beings need chemical energy.
Jawaban: B
12. Kata "Essence" dalam arti bio kimia berarti (zat kimia) inti pada suatu tanaman. Jadi, ini merupakan sinonim yang tepat untuk menggantikan kata Substance.
Jawaban: D
9. Keseluruhan isi wacana membahas mengenai proses merubah energi kimia pada manusia dan hewan. Perhatikan bagian awal dan akhir wacana, "All human beings eat food and make use of the chemical energy in it, no do all other animals." (Seluruh manusia memakan makanan dan memanfaatkan energi kimia di dalamnya, demikian juga seluruh hewan.) dan "Plants change the sun's energy into chemical energy. And animals change chemical energy into kinetic and heat energy" (Tumbuh turnbuhan merubah energi matahari menjadi energi kimia. Dan hewan merubah energi kimia menjadi energi kinetik dan panes.) Dapat disimpulkan teks tersebut tentang The process of changing chemical energy.
Jawaban: A
10. Keterangan mengenai apa yang akan terjadi jika klorofil menyerap sinar matahari bisa dilihat pada Imlimat berikut "Chlorophyll can absorb sunlight When it does so, it changes the energy of the sun into chemical energy." (Klorofil bisa menyerap sinar matahari. Ketika melakukan hal ini, klorofil merubah energi matahari menjadi energi kimia.) Jadi, pilihan yang tepat adalah Change the sun’s energy into chemical energy.
Jawaban: E
11. Informasi yang bisa diperoleh dari wacana adalah gagasan bahwa seluruh manusia dan hewan membutuhkan energi. Perhatikan kalimat berikut "All human beings eat food and make use of the chemical energy in it, so do all other animals." (Seluruh manusia memakan makanan dan memanfaatkan energi kimia di dalamnya, demikian juga seluruh hewan.) Jadi, pilihan yang tepat adalah All human beings need chemical energy.
Jawaban: B
12. Kata "Essence" dalam arti bio kimia berarti (zat kimia) inti pada suatu tanaman. Jadi, ini merupakan sinonim yang tepat untuk menggantikan kata Substance.
Jawaban: D
The following text is for question 13.
Globalization has been around for a long time in one shape or another. Trade routes have been operating between different part of the world since ancient times. Now, globalization has extended into other sectors. However, people view its merits differently. The followers of globalization believe that productivity grows in countries that open up their markets and integrate with outside economies as they gain access to wealthy economies where they can sell their goods and services. Next, lesser developed nations benefit from the increase in investment from foreign countries both financially and through jobs. Finally, through globalization, countries can specialize more in what they produce and what they do best. The opponents of globalization have their views, first, wages and working conditions everywhere are pushed downwards as companies gravitate towards countries where the wages are the lowest and the workers’ rights are the worst. In addition, the environment suffers, as production moves to places where they have less strict rules and regulations about controlling pollution and deforestation. Most seriously, globalization undermines national sovereignties and national governments as individual countries become increasingly at the mercy of international markets, and multinational corporations grow more powerful and influential.
| 13. How can globalization potentially damage environment? |
Lihat Pembahasan
Pembahasan berikut ini untuk soal nomor 13.
13. Globalisasi berpotensi menimbulkan kerusakan lingkungan ketika produksi dilakukan di negara-negara yang memiliki aturan tidak ketat dalam pengendalian polusi dan kerusakan hutan. Perhatikan kalimat berikut: "In addition, the environment suffers, as production moves to places where they have less strict rules and regulations about controlling pollution and deforestation." (Selain itu, lingkungan terancam mengalami kerasukan, karena produksi berpindah menuju tempat-tempat dimana mereka memiliki aturan dan hukum yang kurang ketat terhadap pengendalian polusi dan kerusakan hutan.) Jadi, pilihan yang tepat adalah Industries tend to occupy areas with weak laws.
Jawaban: E
13. Globalisasi berpotensi menimbulkan kerusakan lingkungan ketika produksi dilakukan di negara-negara yang memiliki aturan tidak ketat dalam pengendalian polusi dan kerusakan hutan. Perhatikan kalimat berikut: "In addition, the environment suffers, as production moves to places where they have less strict rules and regulations about controlling pollution and deforestation." (Selain itu, lingkungan terancam mengalami kerasukan, karena produksi berpindah menuju tempat-tempat dimana mereka memiliki aturan dan hukum yang kurang ketat terhadap pengendalian polusi dan kerusakan hutan.) Jadi, pilihan yang tepat adalah Industries tend to occupy areas with weak laws.
Jawaban: E
The following text is for question 14 to 16.
A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land. In the sense of “ flowing water”, the world may also be applied to inflow of the tide. Flooding may result from the volume of water within a body of water, such as a river or lake , which overflows or break levees, with the result that some of the water escapes its unusual boundaries.
While the size of a lake or other body of water will vary with seasonal changes in precipitation and show melt, it is not a significant flood unless such escapes of water endanger land areas used by man like a village, city or other inhabited area.
Floods can also occur in rivers, when fl ow exceeds the capacity of the river channel, particularly at bends or meanders. Flood often cause damage to homes and businesses if they are placed in natural flood plains of rivers. While flood damage van be virtually eliminated by moving away from and other bodies of water, since time out of mind, people have lived and worked by the water to seek the sustenance and capitalize on the gains of cheap and easy travel and commerce by being near water. That humans continue to inhabit areas threatened by flood damage is evidence that the perceived value of living near the water exceeds the cost of repeated periodic flooding.
While the size of a lake or other body of water will vary with seasonal changes in precipitation and show melt, it is not a significant flood unless such escapes of water endanger land areas used by man like a village, city or other inhabited area.
Floods can also occur in rivers, when fl ow exceeds the capacity of the river channel, particularly at bends or meanders. Flood often cause damage to homes and businesses if they are placed in natural flood plains of rivers. While flood damage van be virtually eliminated by moving away from and other bodies of water, since time out of mind, people have lived and worked by the water to seek the sustenance and capitalize on the gains of cheap and easy travel and commerce by being near water. That humans continue to inhabit areas threatened by flood damage is evidence that the perceived value of living near the water exceeds the cost of repeated periodic flooding.
| 14. What should people do to avoid the loss of their business caused by the flood? |
| 15. What is the main idea of the third paragraph? |
| 16. “……..,it is not significant flood unless such escapes of water endanger land areas used by man…..” (paragraph 2) The underline word is closest in meaning to…. |
Lihat Pembahasan
Pembahasan berikut ini untuk soal nomor 14 sampai 16.
14. Jadi, cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk menghindari kerugian akibat banjir adalah mencari hal-hal yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber penghasilan dengan menggunakan air disekitar agar tidak terjadi banjir dan menjadi terawat, Seek sustenance benefit from cheap and easy travel commerce.
Jawaban: E
15. Pembahasan: Ide pokok paragraf ketiga terdapat pada kalimat pertama, yaitu Flood can also occur in rivers, when flow exceeds the capacity of the river channel, particularly at bends or meanders (banjir jugs depot terjadi di sungai saat arus melebihi kapasitas sungai, terutama di daerah lekukan). Jadi, jawaban yang tepat adalah Floods can be found at every bond and meander of o river.
Jawaban: B
16. Kata "significant" mempunyai arti yang sama dengan "important" yaitu (penting). Sedangkan arti pada pilihan yang lain, ordinary (biasa) intensive (intensif) sufficient (cukup) important (penting) expensive (mahal). Sinonim dari kata significant adalah Important.
Jawaban: D
14. Jadi, cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk menghindari kerugian akibat banjir adalah mencari hal-hal yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber penghasilan dengan menggunakan air disekitar agar tidak terjadi banjir dan menjadi terawat, Seek sustenance benefit from cheap and easy travel commerce.
Jawaban: E
15. Pembahasan: Ide pokok paragraf ketiga terdapat pada kalimat pertama, yaitu Flood can also occur in rivers, when flow exceeds the capacity of the river channel, particularly at bends or meanders (banjir jugs depot terjadi di sungai saat arus melebihi kapasitas sungai, terutama di daerah lekukan). Jadi, jawaban yang tepat adalah Floods can be found at every bond and meander of o river.
Jawaban: B
16. Kata "significant" mempunyai arti yang sama dengan "important" yaitu (penting). Sedangkan arti pada pilihan yang lain, ordinary (biasa) intensive (intensif) sufficient (cukup) important (penting) expensive (mahal). Sinonim dari kata significant adalah Important.
Jawaban: D
The following text is for question 17 to 20.
A tsunami is a series of ocean waves that sends surges of water, sometimes reaching heights of over 100 feet (30.5 meters), onto land. These walls of water can cause widespread destruction when they crash ashore.
These awe-inspiring waves are typically caused by large, undersea earthquakes at tectonic plate boundaries. When the ocean floor at a plate boundary rises or falls suddenly, it displaces the water above it and launches the rolling waves that will become a tsunami.
Most tsunami, about 80 percent, happen within the Pacific Ocean's "Ring of Fire," a geologically active area where tectonic shifts make volcanoes and earthquakes common.
Tsunamis may also be caused by underwater landslides or volcanic eruptions. They may even be launched, as they frequently were in Earth's ancient past, by the impact of a large meteorite plunging into an ocean.
Tsunamis race across the sea at up to 500 miles (805 kilometers) an hour — about as fast as a jet airplane. At that pace they can cross the entire expanse of the Pacific Ocean in less than a day. And their long wavelengths mean they lose very little energy along the way.
A tsunami's trough, the low point beneath the wave's crest, often reaches shore first. When it does, it produces a vacuum effect that sucks coastal water seaward and exposes harbor and sea floors. This retreating of sea water is an important warning sign of a tsunami, because the wave's crest and its enormous volume of water typically hit shore five minutes or so later. Recognizing this phenomenon can save lives.
A tsunami is usually composed of a series waves, called a wave train, so its destructive force may be compounded as successive waves reach shore. People experiencing a tsunami should remember that the danger may not have passed with the first wave and should await official word that it is safe to return to vulnerable locations.
Some tsunamis do not appear on shore as massive breaking waves but instead resemble a quickly surging tide that inundates coastal areas.
These awe-inspiring waves are typically caused by large, undersea earthquakes at tectonic plate boundaries. When the ocean floor at a plate boundary rises or falls suddenly, it displaces the water above it and launches the rolling waves that will become a tsunami.
Most tsunami, about 80 percent, happen within the Pacific Ocean's "Ring of Fire," a geologically active area where tectonic shifts make volcanoes and earthquakes common.
Tsunamis may also be caused by underwater landslides or volcanic eruptions. They may even be launched, as they frequently were in Earth's ancient past, by the impact of a large meteorite plunging into an ocean.
Tsunamis race across the sea at up to 500 miles (805 kilometers) an hour — about as fast as a jet airplane. At that pace they can cross the entire expanse of the Pacific Ocean in less than a day. And their long wavelengths mean they lose very little energy along the way.
A tsunami's trough, the low point beneath the wave's crest, often reaches shore first. When it does, it produces a vacuum effect that sucks coastal water seaward and exposes harbor and sea floors. This retreating of sea water is an important warning sign of a tsunami, because the wave's crest and its enormous volume of water typically hit shore five minutes or so later. Recognizing this phenomenon can save lives.
A tsunami is usually composed of a series waves, called a wave train, so its destructive force may be compounded as successive waves reach shore. People experiencing a tsunami should remember that the danger may not have passed with the first wave and should await official word that it is safe to return to vulnerable locations.
Some tsunamis do not appear on shore as massive breaking waves but instead resemble a quickly surging tide that inundates coastal areas.
| 17. Why did the author write the report? |
| 18. Tsunamis are usually the result of ... |
| 19. From the text, we know that Tsunami can be very destructive because ... |
| 20. "Some tsunami do not appear on shore as massive breaking waves but instead resemble a quickly surging tide that inundates coastal areas." (Paragraph 8) The underlined word is closest in meaning to ... |
Lihat Pembahasan
Pembahasan berikut ini untuk soal nomor 17 sampai 20.
17. Penulis menyampaikan text ini dengan tujuan agar masyarakat tahu tentang bahaya tsunami Jadi, jawaban yang tepat adalah To warn people about the dangers of tsunami.
Jawaban: E
18. Untuk menemukan jawaban dari pertanyaan Tsunami biasanya hasil dari ... kita bisa mengacu pada pernyataan paragraf kedua "When the ocean floor at a plate boundary rises or falls suddenly" Jadi, jawaban yang sesuai dengan The sudden rise or fall of ocean floors.
Jawaban: A
19. Dari teks tersebut, kita tahu bahwa Tsunami bisa sangat merusak karena mengantarkan gelombang laut yang tinggi, kuat dan cepat. Jadi, jawaban yang sesuai dengan They are tall, fast, forceful and repetitive.
Jawaban: C
20. Inundates mempunyai arti (Banjir) sedangkan pilihan yang lain jika diterjemahkan kedalam bahasa Indonesia adalah:
Floods = Banjir
Covers = Meliputi
Fills = Mengisi
Attacks = Serangan
Submerges = Menyelam
Jadi, sinonim yang tepat adalah Floods.
Jawaban: A
17. Penulis menyampaikan text ini dengan tujuan agar masyarakat tahu tentang bahaya tsunami Jadi, jawaban yang tepat adalah To warn people about the dangers of tsunami.
Jawaban: E
18. Untuk menemukan jawaban dari pertanyaan Tsunami biasanya hasil dari ... kita bisa mengacu pada pernyataan paragraf kedua "When the ocean floor at a plate boundary rises or falls suddenly" Jadi, jawaban yang sesuai dengan The sudden rise or fall of ocean floors.
Jawaban: A
19. Dari teks tersebut, kita tahu bahwa Tsunami bisa sangat merusak karena mengantarkan gelombang laut yang tinggi, kuat dan cepat. Jadi, jawaban yang sesuai dengan They are tall, fast, forceful and repetitive.
Jawaban: C
20. Inundates mempunyai arti (Banjir) sedangkan pilihan yang lain jika diterjemahkan kedalam bahasa Indonesia adalah:
Floods = Banjir
Covers = Meliputi
Fills = Mengisi
Attacks = Serangan
Submerges = Menyelam
Jadi, sinonim yang tepat adalah Floods.
Jawaban: A
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